Old Bulgar words

The language of the Asparukh and Kuber Bulgars, Vocabulary and grammar

Old Bulgar words preserved in the modern Bulgarian language: N - O - P

N.

Modern Bulgarian Eastern analogies Cluster_user's ottoman parallels

NANA – mother (dial.) (Western Bulgaria) NANA [DE, 166], NAN [IJa, 220; GASK, 395] – ’mother’ in Jazguljami, Ishkashimi, Wakhi
NENE (‘mother’) in Talish [TRS, 289]
NANA (‘mother’) in Chechen [ChRS, 311]
Jazguljami, Ishkashimi

Talish

Chechen

NANI-NA – a lulling refrain, "hushaby, lullaby" Compare to the Georgian NANINA (the same) [TG, 409] and the Persian NANI-NANU.
It is interesting that the Georgians call the cradling NANI, and the Talish – the cradle itself [TRS, 151]
turk. ninni "lullaby" < pers. nenu: "cradle"

NANKAM – to sleep A derivative from NANA

NA ROK! AJ NA ROK! – Cheers! (dial.) (Also in Romanian) From the Pamirian ROG (‘health’) [RPDS, 256]
"NA ROG!" = ‘Cheers!’ in some l-s such as Mundzhani.
Pamirian

NEGA – bliss (noun) From the Eastern Caucasian NAMK (‘a sleep’), NEK (‘a nap, a dooze’) [EB, 84].
This shows that the initial meaning of NEGA was ‘a sweet nap’.
Eastern Caucasian

NEKA – let Not found in the Slavic l-s. Close to the Pamirian exclamation NEKI (‘Good work! Good!’) [IJa, 219] Ishkashimi

NEREZ – a male pig, a boar From the Pamirian/Persian NER (‘a male animal’)
The closest analogy is the Mundzhani NERSH (‘a male pig’) [AG, 331]
Pamirian

NEFELEN – ill (dial.) (adj.) NIFENZH (‘ill’) [ChRS, 253]
NIFEN (‘a curse, a misfortune’) [TRS, 154]
Chechen

Talish

NENKI – a breast, a bossom (Western Bulgaria) There exist only Eastern Caucasian correspondences: NINI, NANA, NENE, NEKHE [ChRS, 311]

NIKS, NIC, sometimes NCKI – an exclamation of contempt Compare to the Pamirian NJKS (‘a failure, a defect’) Pamirian

NUGA – nougat – a type of hard white khalva NEGA (‘hard, strong’) [AG] Mundzhani romanian nuga < lat. nux "nut" (x as in latin ks).
it is not arabic in spite of the alteration of forms with and without t. I don't know if there is a greek angle.
the englsih word "nougat" goes to western romance languages (oxford english dictionary) from a proto-romance *nuca:tum < latin nux.

O.

Modern Bulgarian Eastern analogies Cluster_user's ottoman parallels

OBACHE – however BJACHI (‘in particular, specially’) [ARS, 82] Pashto

OBECA – an earring ABOCA (‘an earring’) [SH, 91] Eastern Caucasian

OBICH – love, affection, fondness OBA (‘to kiss’) [ChRS, 320]
OBJUCH (‘a kiss’) [AV, 127]
Eastern Caucasian

OK – a horse-collar (in Dobrudzha, in the district of Shumen) OK (‘yoke’) [EB,31]

OLELE! – Oh dear! Dear me! Identical to the Pamirian OLELE [DE, 181] Jazguljami

OMAN – elecampane Compare to the Persian HOMAN (‘a type of grass’) [PRS, I]

ONCHE – in the children’s expression "ONCHE, BONCHE, SCHUPENO PIRONCHE." ("Onche, bonche, broken nail.") ONCHUN, UN (‘a needle, an awl’) [DE, 85]
The Bulgarian ONCHE probably meant ‘a needle’.
Jazguljami prob. turk. incik boncuk (odds and ends, boncuk, older and dial. bo*ng*cuk "bead", incik prob < inci ("pearl") + k (dim. suffix)
otherwise from onca bunca "like this or that")

OP – an edge, a point YUWG (‘an arrow’) [AG, 390]
UP (‘an arrow’) in Chuvash [RChS, 128]
Mundzhani yuwg < turkic oq (arrow, same in turk. - ok)
chuvash has ye~p (needle) cogante with yebe in south siberian turkic.
the bulgarian word seems cognate to chuvash.

OPAJ – get up! (children word) Identical to the Dardic OPAJ [DIE, 233] Dardic

OPASHKA – a tail From the Pamirian stem PAS (‘behind’)
APASHK, OPASHK (‘back, rear’, adj.) [DE, 13]
Jazguljami

OKHLJUV – a snail Probably from the same stem as OKHLO (‘a sliding object’) [ChRS, 322] Chechen

OSHAV – stewed dried fruit, dried fruit compote From the Pamirian/Persian KHOSH (‘sweet’, adj.) + AV (‘water’), literally – ‘a sweet water’). The disappearance of the initial KH is the same as that in ALKHA from KHALKA in the expression ALKHASI KUPE. Pamirian turk. ho$af    <     pers. xo^$a^b probably through kurdish xo^$a^v
xo$ "sweet, nice" a:b (a^v in kurdish) (ottoman xo:$a:b, xo$ < xwe$ (for example kurdish) xo:$a:f)

P.

Modern Bulgarian Eastern analogies Cluster_user's ottoman parallels

PAZJA – to guard, to protect; to keep PAZ (‘to guard’) [SIJa, 1980]
PASJNA (‘a guarding’) [ARS, 92]

Pashto

PAJVANT – hobbled, with tied legs. In the expression "konjat pase na pajvant". From the Pamirian/Persian PAJ (‘a leg) + VAND (‘a tie’).
PAJWEND (‘a tie’) [ARS, 132]
Pamirian turk. (litt. ottoman) paybende < persian pa:y bende

Pashto

PAK – again PAKA (‘tomorrow’) [LRS, 258]
PAK (a word from the folk tales – it was believed that if somebody pronounced it, the disappeared water would appear again’) [GASK, 409]
Lezgin

Wakhi

PALAMARKA – a swaphook PAJLA (‘a glove’) [SRS, 128] Sarikoli turk. palamar "hawser, mooring rope" < biz. greek palamarin "cable"
also ital. palamara "cable". see tietze.

PALAPUTRA – in the expression "Pribiraj si palaputrata" ("Pack your belongings [and get out]!"). PRLAPURI (‘objects collected in one place, a baggage’) [MGA, 167; ARS, 115] Pashto prob. turk. pIlIpIrtI - a jingle. prob. pul (< pers. < greco-latin, stamp, money - in azeri) + pIrtI from yIrtIk pIrtIk - i.e. yIrtIk = "torn"
prla pu:rti: (pashto) = suitable

PALASKA – a cartridge-pouch PALASTA (‘a girdling object, a bracelet’) [AG, 139] Mundzhani turk. palaska < hungarian palack (palatsk, bottle, vessel), < germanic or latin "flask" etc. ?

PALESHNIK – a ploughshare PALA (‘a plough’) [IJa, 221], also the Sanskrit PALA
The closest analogy is the Pashto PAL (‘a ploughshare’) [MGA, 155; ARS, 93]
Ishkashimi, Pashto

PANDIZ – a prison (jargon) Pamirian/Persian BANDIZ (‘a barrier, bars’) [ARS, 93; etc.] Pashto

PANDISHPAN – unclear word PANDOME (‘to swell, to rise’) [TRS, 170]
It shows PADISHPAN initially meant ‘a risen cake’.
Talish

PANTA – a hinge PANDA (‘a link, a tie’) [ARS, 118] Pashto

PAPUNJAK – a hoopoe PAPUK (‘bird’s comb, crest’) [SRS, 123]
PIPUKI (‘a hood’) [IJa, 225]
PAPU (‘a hood; a type of cuckoo’) [TRS, 170]

=> PAPUNJAK got his name from its high and bright crest.
Sarikoli

Ishkashimi

Talish

PAPUR – a (bul)rush PAPR (‘a coarse grass’) [GASK, ARS, etc.] Pashto, Wakhi

PARAKENDE – an agricultural piece of lands, detached from the other plots Pamirian/Persian PARKANDA (‘isolated, detached’) [AG, 339] Pamirian turk. perakende "retail, detached" < pers. pera:kende "detached"

PARTAKESHI – paraphernalia. In the expression "Pribiraj si partakeshite!" ("Clear out! Pack up!") PARTAK, PARTOW (‘rubbish, garbage’) [GASK, 411; IJa, 227] Ishkashimi, Wakhi

PAS – "pass" (in card games)

Compare to the Pashto PAS (‘after’) [ARS, 109] Pashto eng. pass (> turk.)

PASPAL – flour-dust, meal-dust PASPA (‘a waste, refuse’) [ARS, MGA] Pashto

PASTA – a cake Many languages in the world have similar words (the French ‘pastille’ - a type of bonbons; the Italian ‘pasta’ – macaroni; etc), but only the meaning of the Pashto PASTA (‘a cake’) is identical to the Bulgarian one.
Compare also to PASTUR (‘a fine flour for cakes’) [ARS, 92]
Pashto turk. pasta "cake" < italian etc.

PASTRJA – to economise, to keep The only analogy is PASRA (‘saving’) [ARS, 92] Pashto

PAT – bed(stead) (in Dobrudzha, in the district of Shumen) PATA (‘a board’) [MGA, 160]
PATU (‘a bed, a bedding’) [ARS, 97]
Pashto

PATARAN – in the expression "pataran i crvulan" Compare to the Eastern Caucasian PATRAN (‘duck’s’, adj.) [LRS, 269] Lezgin

PATERICA – a crutch PATERA (‘a support’) [MGA, 160] Pashto

PATKA – a duck PAT (‘a goose’) [LRS, 269]
BAT (‘a goose’) in Georgian [SH, 21]
Lezgin

PATKAN – a rat (in Dobrudzha, in the district of Shumen) WATAM (‘a rat’) [DE, 27] Jazguljami

PATRAV – bow-legged PATRAJ (‘a clamp, a brace’) [MGA, 158] Pashto

PATJA – to suffer BADI (‘an evil’) [SRS, 18] Sarikoli

PEZJUL – an edge of a roof or a shelf under a window. The place where the flowerpots are put. Identical to the Pamirian PEZ’L (‘a roof’s edge’) [IJa, 225] Ishkashimi Seems to me alike Greek "pezouli" which means almost the same and it is certainly a very Greek word (Nikos Sarantakos).

PELERINA – a cape, a cloak PELJAR (‘a curtain’) [ARS, 131] + the suffix –IN, as in ESTROGIN, KHLOBRIN. In the Pamirian l-s with –IN are formed adjectives from nouns. Thus PELERINA meant literally ‘a curtain clothing’. Pashto french pelerine < fem. of pelerin ("pilgim" i.e, pilgrim's cape) turk. pelerin (regarded as a foreign word)

PELTE – a type of jelly Compare to the Pamirian PILTE (‘sweet crusts’) Pamirian turk. pelte < pers. pa:lu:de < greek poltos mod. greek pelte

PENDARI – golden coins PENDA (‘a row, a string’) [MGA, 207]
PETAR (‘a interlacing’), PETAK (‘woman’s string of coins’) [ARS, 126]
Pashto

PEPERUDA – a butterfly PARPARONK (‘a butterfly’) [IJa, 224]
PIRINPA – in Andian, PEPEAL – in Georgian [SH, 18]
Ishkashimi

PERUSTIJA – a trivet, a spider PERASTI (‘a stand, a base’) in Dardic (Kati) [AGK]
PERUDZAJ (‘a perforated object’) [ARS, 128]
Dardic

Pashto

PERUSHAN – in the expression DAR-PERUSHAN DARD (‘a pain’) + PERISHAN (‘a suffering, grief’) [IJa, 194]
The Bulgarian DAR-PERUSHAN was probably derived from an earlier DARD-PERISHAN = "pain and suffering".
Ishkashimi turk. derd < pers. derd
turk. peri$an < pers. peri:$a:n

PERCHEM – a forelock PER (‘frontal’) + CHEM (‘a curl of hair’) [ARS, 101]
The Bulgarian PERCHEM simply meant ‘frontal hair’.
Pashto turk. perc,em < pers. perc,em

PESTIL – damson cheese PASHT (‘to press, to squeeze’) [IJa, 189] Ishkashimi turk. pestil "dreid fruit pulp" < lat. pestilla, pestillum

PETALO – horseshoe PET (‘round’) [SRS, 128] Sarikoli

PECHAT – a seal BECHEDI (‘a seal’) in Georgian [TG]

PECHELJA – to earn, to gain PICJL (‘to tie, to put aside’) [ARS, 127] Pashto

PECHURKA – (field) mushroom PECHURAJ (‘small, fine’) [MGA, 160] Pashto

PESHKIR – a towel Probably from PISHK (‘a gift’), with the meaning of ‘a gift towel’ [ARS, 130] Pashto turk. pe$kir "napkin", towel" (litt. ott., but common in the palace jargon) < pers. pi:$gi:r (pi:$ front) pers. pe$ki:r (a back loan) "napkin"

PINKAM SE – to torment o.s., to suffer PINEGKH (‘a painful strain’) [ARS, 132], PINJL (‘to suffer’) [ARS, 132] Pashto

PINTIJA – a skinflint, a miser Similar to the Pamirian and Talish PINTI (‘filthy’) [TRS, 183] Pamirian turk. pinti < pinedos (eyuboglu), < pinaros (sarantakos)
pinaros meaning "filthy" which seems to be shared by sanskrit.

Talish

PISSE, PISSANA – a cat PSSK (‘a cat’) [IJa, 227]
PISSA (‘a cat’), PISAN (‘cat’, adj.) – Eastern Caucasian
Probably from the stem PIS (‘motley, variegated’) in Talish [TRS, 183]
Ishkashimi ottoman pisik, pisi, bu"su"k
mod. turk. pisi (child's lang.)
also tatar pesi, romanian pisica~
turk. pisi pisi (to call a cat., in many turkic languages bisik,
pisik, old turkic and central asian variants with m- and -$-. such
cat names may come from anc. egypt. (cat goddess bastet) and
probably passed through iranian. in persian it is considered a
loanword from turkish. (steingass) persian has the native word
gurbe.
NB english "pussy," also similar words in arabic. cat names were discussed in sci.lang in the summer. there seem to be some that recur in many unrelated languages.

Eastern Caucasian

Talish

PITA – (round) loaf, flat cake PIT (‘flattened (out)’) [MGA, 198], PITIK (‘ a type of bread’) Pashto greek pitta (phtta) < ital. ? < class. greek ? turk. pide

PISHLEME – an immature person Compare to the Pashto PESHLAMAJ (‘this morning’s, one who appeared this morning’) [ARS, 130]
PISHLEME probably meant "of callow youth, greenhorn".
Pashto ?
probab. turk. pi$ (front < pers. pi:$) + leme (/le/ denominal + /me/ verb. noun)

PISHMAN – sorry, regretful An old Persian and Pamirian word – PESH-MANAJ (‘thinking afterwards, regretting at the end’) [SIJa, 1980; ARS, 111] turkish pi$man < pers. pe$i:ma:n

Pashto

PISHTJALKA – a tin whistle PISHTAK (‘a tin whistle’) [SRS, 130] Sarikoli

PLANINA – a mountain PLAN (‘an expanse, a broadness’) [ARS, 114], PLANIN (‘huge, enormous’) Pashto

PLESHTJA – to twaddle, to talk nonsense PLECH (‘to produce nonsensical sounds’) [GASK, 364] Wakhi

POPRZHAM – to curse, to swear PRGA (‘a swear’) [ARS, MGA] Pashto

PORKAM – to drink (jargon) PKHOR (‘a dinner, a big table’) [ChRS, 354] Chechen

POSTULI – leather pants POST (‘a soft leather’) [ARS, 122] + the suffix –ULI, as in other old Bulgar words – MURZULI Pashto turk. post (hide) < pers. po^st

POSTJA – to fast POST (‘to celebrate, to celebrate God’) [GASK, 417]
= the initial meaning of POSTJA was ‘to celebrate God’.
Wakhi

POTKA – the first pole which is erected at a new plot as a sing of ownership. Hence ZAPOTVAM (‘to start festively some work, to assume officially office’) The word is quite old as evident by the Bulgarian medieval term POTKA (‘a fine for infringement ownership’s rights’) The only region having similar words is the Pamirs. There the acquisition of a new property and the building of a new house are called POTKH, and the present bestowed on the newly married couple are called POTKHSAJ [DE, 178, 291]. Jazguljami

POTON – a ceiling The Talish PETON (‘above’) is the only analogy [TRS, 178, 291] Talish

POSH – a big towel POSH (‘a type of towel’) [MGA, 192; ARS, 122]
PUSH (‘a garment’) in Wakhi, Jazguljami, etc.
Pashto turk. pu^$ colloq. po$ (in compounds) (a wrapping, as in a headress)
po$u light turban, "kafiyya".

Wakhi, Jazguljami

POSHTJA – to louse, to clean from lice POKT (‘to clean’) [GASK, 417] Wakhi

PRAZ – leeks PRASSA (‘leeks’) in Georgian [TG, 422] turkish p(I)rasa < greek prason < lat. brassica (vegetable) pers. pera:se

PRANGI – fetters, chains PRANKH (‘bend’) [ARS, 104] Pashto turkish p(I)ranga "chains for galley slaves, (later) forced laborers etc." < venet. branca
(see tietze)

PRASHTAM – to send A common Persian/Pamirian word [SIJa, 211, 387]

PREZID – a high rampart. In the XI c. AD Apocryphal chronicle: "Ispor car sgradi velik prezid ot Dunav do moreto". ("Car Ispor [Asparukh] built a great PREZID from Danube to the sea.") PERZID (‘a barrier’) [MGA, 166] Pashto

PREZLO – iron container’s lugs, a handle in the form of a ring The only parallel is the Pamirians PRESHT (‘a ring’) [IJa, 227] Ishkashimi

PRUST – a veranda; a hall PRUST (‘a bed’) in Kati [AGK]
Probably the Bulgarian PRUST was named after the custom to sleep at the veranda in the summer.
Dardic

PRSKAM – to squander PRSN (‘to squander’) [DE, 195] Jazguljami

PRCKAM – to fart Identical to PRC in Pashto [ARS, MGA, 164] Pashto

PRJAPOREC – a banner, a standard Compare to the Pamirian PARPAR (‘to flutter, to flap’), hence PARPARAI and BARBARIA (‘a banner’) Pamirian PARPAR prob. < `ar. farfar

PSUVAM – to swear PECU, PCU (‘to curse’) [MGA, 198]
POCH (‘a curse’) [ARS, 98]
Pashto

PUZHAV – stupid, underdeveloped (in the districts of Vidin, Kula) PUCH (‘stupid, pitiful’) [ARS, 119]
PUCKA (‘underdeveloped, unripe’) [ARS, 119]
Pashto

PUKAM SE – to crack, to split PUG (‘a crack’) [ARS, 123]
Also POY – Sarikoli [SRS, 130]
Pashto

Sarikoli

PUKANKI – pop-corn The only analogy is the Pashto PUKANKHA (‘a bladder, a bubble’) [ARS, 123] Pashto

PULE – an ass’s foal Similar to the Dardic PULE (‘an offspring, the young of an animal’) Dardic

PULJA SE – to goggle FUL (‘to goggle’) [DE, 93] Jazguljami

PUNGIJA – a pouch, a purse PUNGA (‘capital’) [ARS, 123] Pashto

PUSHA – to smoke A ver old eastern word. Compare to the Dravidian PUKHA (‘to smoke’) [TAM, 1078]

PUSHT – a scoundrel; a rake PUSHT (‘an offspring’) [ARS, 110] Pashto turkish pu$t (scoundrel, more specifically a catamite) < pers. pu$t "backside"

PDAR – a field-keeper This word is attested near the Pamirs as early as the I-II c. AD – the Sogdian PADAR (PDR) (‘guard’, noun) [SIJa, 407]

PDPDK – a quail Closest in meaning is the Persian BADBADAK [PRS, II]
But the Talish Pt-PT (‘to cry without interruption’) [TRS, 274] sounds closer.

Talish

PPESH – a (musk-)melon PARPANKHU (‘a wild watermelon’) [ARS, 100] Pashto

PPKA – a pimple, blotch PUPAKA (‘a swelling, a big pimple’) [ARS, 118]
PNGA (‘a bud’) [ARS, 118]
The word PUPAKA is also found in Chuvash.
Pashto

PPLJA – to creep, to crawl PAPLI (‘to scarcely move’) [MGA, 150] Pashto

PRZHA, (PRAZHA) – to fry PRAZHZHA (‘to fry’) in Sanskrit [MA, 1982]

PRLJA – to singe PRLA (‘to clean’) [ARS, 103] Pashto

PRKHAM – to flit, to flutter PYRKHA (‘to flit’) [ARS, 100] Pashto

PT – time (when counting – one time, two times…) Identical to POT, PA [IJa, 233] Ishkashimi

PKHAM – to stick, to shove PJC (‘to shove’) [ARS, 96] Pashto

PCHA – to stick out; to swagger about PCHA (‘a movement from inside, a swelling’) [MGA, 160] Pashto

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Modern Bulgarian	Eastern analogies		Cluster_user's ottoman parallels
NANA – mother (dial.) (Western Bulgaria)	NANA [DE, 166], NAN [IJa, 220; GASK, 395] – ’mother’ in Jazguljami, Ishkashimi, Wakhi NENE (‘mother’) in Talish [TRS, 289] NANA (‘mother’) in Chechen [ChRS, 311]	Jazguljami, Ishkashimi
		Talish
		Chechen
NANI-NA – a lulling refrain, "hushaby, lullaby"	Compare to the Georgian NANINA (the same) [TG, 409] and the Persian NANI-NANU. It is interesting that the Georgians call the cradling NANI, and the Talish – the cradle itself [TRS, 151]		turk. ninni "lullaby" < pers. nenu: "cradle"
NANI-NA – a lulling refrain, "hushaby, lullaby"			turk. ninni "lullaby" < pers. nenu: "cradle"
NANKAM – to sleep	A derivative from NANA
NA ROK! AJ NA ROK! – Cheers! (dial.) (Also in Romanian)	From the Pamirian ROG (‘health’) [RPDS, 256] "NA ROG!" = ‘Cheers!’ in some l-s such as Mundzhani.	Pamirian
NEGA – bliss (noun)	From the Eastern Caucasian NAMK (‘a sleep’), NEK (‘a nap, a dooze’) [EB, 84]. This shows that the initial meaning of NEGA was ‘a sweet nap’.	Eastern Caucasian
NEKA – let	Not found in the Slavic l-s. Close to the Pamirian exclamation NEKI (‘Good work! Good!’) [IJa, 219]	Ishkashimi
NEREZ – a male pig, a boar	From the Pamirian/Persian NER (‘a male animal’) The closest analogy is the Mundzhani NERSH (‘a male pig’) [AG, 331]	Pamirian
NEFELEN – ill (dial.) (adj.)	NIFENZH (‘ill’) [ChRS, 253] NIFEN (‘a curse, a misfortune’) [TRS, 154]	Chechen
NEFELEN – ill (dial.) (adj.)		Talish
NENKI – a breast, a bossom (Western Bulgaria)	There exist only Eastern Caucasian correspondences: NINI, NANA, NENE, NEKHE [ChRS, 311]
NIKS, NIC, sometimes NCKI – an exclamation of contempt	Compare to the Pamirian NJKS (‘a failure, a defect’)	Pamirian
NUGA – nougat – a type of hard white khalva	NEGA (‘hard, strong’) [AG]	Mundzhani	romanian nuga < lat. nux "nut" (x as in latin ks). it is not arabic in spite of the alteration of forms with and without t. I don't know if there is a greek angle. the englsih word "nougat" goes to western romance languages (oxford english dictionary) from a proto-romance *nuca:tum < latin nux.

Modern Bulgarian	Eastern analogies		Cluster_user's ottoman parallels
PAZJA – to guard, to protect; to keep	PAZ (‘to guard’) [SIJa, 1980] PASJNA (‘a guarding’) [ARS, 92]
PAZJA – to guard, to protect; to keep		Pashto
PAJVANT – hobbled, with tied legs. In the expression "konjat pase na pajvant".	From the Pamirian/Persian PAJ (‘a leg) + VAND (‘a tie’). PAJWEND (‘a tie’) [ARS, 132]	Pamirian	turk. (litt. ottoman) paybende < persian pa:y bende
		Pashto	turk. (litt. ottoman) paybende < persian pa:y bende
PAK – again	PAKA (‘tomorrow’) [LRS, 258] PAK (a word from the folk tales – it was believed that if somebody pronounced it, the disappeared water would appear again’) [GASK, 409]	Lezgin
PAK – again		Wakhi
PALAMARKA – a swaphook	PAJLA (‘a glove’) [SRS, 128]	Sarikoli	turk. palamar "hawser, mooring rope" < biz. greek palamarin "cable" also ital. palamara "cable". see tietze.
PALAPUTRA – in the expression "Pribiraj si palaputrata" ("Pack your belongings [and get out]!").	PRLAPURI (‘objects collected in one place, a baggage’) [MGA, 167; ARS, 115]	Pashto	prob. turk. pIlIpIrtI - a jingle. prob. pul (< pers. < greco-latin, stamp, money - in azeri) + pIrtI from yIrtIk pIrtIk - i.e. yIrtIk = "torn" prla pu:rti: (pashto) = suitable
PALASKA – a cartridge-pouch	PALASTA (‘a girdling object, a bracelet’) [AG, 139]	Mundzhani	turk. palaska < hungarian palack (palatsk, bottle, vessel), < germanic or latin "flask" etc. ?
PALESHNIK – a ploughshare	PALA (‘a plough’) [IJa, 221], also the Sanskrit PALA The closest analogy is the Pashto PAL (‘a ploughshare’) [MGA, 155; ARS, 93]	Ishkashimi, Pashto
PANDIZ – a prison (jargon)	Pamirian/Persian BANDIZ (‘a barrier, bars’) [ARS, 93; etc.]	Pashto
PANDISHPAN – unclear word	PANDOME (‘to swell, to rise’) [TRS, 170] It shows PADISHPAN initially meant ‘a risen cake’.	Talish
PANTA – a hinge	PANDA (‘a link, a tie’) [ARS, 118]	Pashto
PAPUNJAK – a hoopoe	PAPUK (‘bird’s comb, crest’) [SRS, 123] PIPUKI (‘a hood’) [IJa, 225] PAPU (‘a hood; a type of cuckoo’) [TRS, 170] => PAPUNJAK got his name from its high and bright crest.	Sarikoli
		Ishkashimi
		Talish
PAPUR – a (bul)rush	PAPR (‘a coarse grass’) [GASK, ARS, etc.]	Pashto, Wakhi
PARAKENDE – an agricultural piece of lands, detached from the other plots	Pamirian/Persian PARKANDA (‘isolated, detached’) [AG, 339]	Pamirian	turk. perakende "retail, detached" < pers. pera:kende "detached"
PARTAKESHI – paraphernalia. In the expression "Pribiraj si partakeshite!" ("Clear out! Pack up!")	PARTAK, PARTOW (‘rubbish, garbage’) [GASK, 411; IJa, 227]	Ishkashimi, Wakhi
PAS – "pass" (in card games)	Compare to the Pashto PAS (‘after’) [ARS, 109]	Pashto	eng. pass (> turk.)
PASPAL – flour-dust, meal-dust	PASPA (‘a waste, refuse’) [ARS, MGA]	Pashto
PASTA – a cake	Many languages in the world have similar words (the French ‘pastille’ - a type of bonbons; the Italian ‘pasta’ – macaroni; etc), but only the meaning of the Pashto PASTA (‘a cake’) is identical to the Bulgarian one. Compare also to PASTUR (‘a fine flour for cakes’) [ARS, 92]	Pashto	turk. pasta "cake" < italian etc.
PASTRJA – to economise, to keep	The only analogy is PASRA (‘saving’) [ARS, 92]	Pashto
PAT – bed(stead) (in Dobrudzha, in the district of Shumen)	PATA (‘a board’) [MGA, 160] PATU (‘a bed, a bedding’) [ARS, 97]	Pashto
PATARAN – in the expression "pataran i crvulan"	Compare to the Eastern Caucasian PATRAN (‘duck’s’, adj.) [LRS, 269]	Lezgin
PATERICA – a crutch	PATERA (‘a support’) [MGA, 160]	Pashto
PATKA – a duck	PAT (‘a goose’) [LRS, 269] BAT (‘a goose’) in Georgian [SH, 21]	Lezgin
PATKA – a duck
PATKAN – a rat (in Dobrudzha, in the district of Shumen)	WATAM (‘a rat’) [DE, 27]	Jazguljami
PATRAV – bow-legged	PATRAJ (‘a clamp, a brace’) [MGA, 158]	Pashto
PATJA – to suffer	BADI (‘an evil’) [SRS, 18]	Sarikoli
PEZJUL – an edge of a roof or a shelf under a window. The place where the flowerpots are put.	Identical to the Pamirian PEZ’L (‘a roof’s edge’) [IJa, 225]	Ishkashimi	Seems to me alike Greek "pezouli" which means almost the same and it is certainly a very Greek word (Nikos Sarantakos).
PELERINA – a cape, a cloak	PELJAR (‘a curtain’) [ARS, 131] + the suffix –IN, as in ESTROGIN, KHLOBRIN. In the Pamirian l-s with –IN are formed adjectives from nouns. Thus PELERINA meant literally ‘a curtain clothing’.	Pashto	french pelerine < fem. of pelerin ("pilgim" i.e, pilgrim's cape) turk. pelerin (regarded as a foreign word)
PELTE – a type of jelly	Compare to the Pamirian PILTE (‘sweet crusts’)	Pamirian	turk. pelte < pers. pa:lu:de < greek poltos mod. greek pelte
PENDARI – golden coins	PENDA (‘a row, a string’) [MGA, 207] PETAR (‘a interlacing’), PETAK (‘woman’s string of coins’) [ARS, 126]	Pashto
PEPERUDA – a butterfly	PARPARONK (‘a butterfly’) [IJa, 224] PIRINPA – in Andian, PEPEAL – in Georgian [SH, 18]	Ishkashimi
PEPERUDA – a butterfly
PERUSTIJA – a trivet, a spider	PERASTI (‘a stand, a base’) in Dardic (Kati) [AGK] PERUDZAJ (‘a perforated object’) [ARS, 128]	Dardic
PERUSTIJA – a trivet, a spider		Pashto
PERUSHAN – in the expression DAR-PERUSHAN	DARD (‘a pain’) + PERISHAN (‘a suffering, grief’) [IJa, 194] The Bulgarian DAR-PERUSHAN was probably derived from an earlier DARD-PERISHAN = "pain and suffering".	Ishkashimi	turk. derd < pers. derd turk. peri$an < pers. peri:$a:n
PERCHEM – a forelock	PER (‘frontal’) + CHEM (‘a curl of hair’) [ARS, 101] The Bulgarian PERCHEM simply meant ‘frontal hair’.	Pashto	turk. perc,em < pers. perc,em
PESTIL – damson cheese	PASHT (‘to press, to squeeze’) [IJa, 189]	Ishkashimi	turk. pestil "dreid fruit pulp" < lat. pestilla, pestillum
PETALO – horseshoe	PET (‘round’) [SRS, 128]	Sarikoli
PECHAT – a seal	BECHEDI (‘a seal’) in Georgian [TG]
PECHELJA – to earn, to gain	PICJL (‘to tie, to put aside’) [ARS, 127]	Pashto
PECHURKA – (field) mushroom	PECHURAJ (‘small, fine’) [MGA, 160]	Pashto
PESHKIR – a towel	Probably from PISHK (‘a gift’), with the meaning of ‘a gift towel’ [ARS, 130]	Pashto	turk. pe$kir "napkin", towel" (litt. ott., but common in the palace jargon) < pers. pi:$gi:r (pi:$ front) pers. pe$ki:r (a back loan) "napkin"
PINKAM SE – to torment o.s., to suffer	PINEGKH (‘a painful strain’) [ARS, 132], PINJL (‘to suffer’) [ARS, 132]	Pashto
PINTIJA – a skinflint, a miser	Similar to the Pamirian and Talish PINTI (‘filthy’) [TRS, 183]	Pamirian	turk. pinti < pinedos (eyuboglu), < pinaros (sarantakos) pinaros meaning "filthy" which seems to be shared by sanskrit.
PINTIJA – a skinflint, a miser		Talish
PISSE, PISSANA – a cat	PSSK (‘a cat’) [IJa, 227] PISSA (‘a cat’), PISAN (‘cat’, adj.) – Eastern Caucasian Probably from the stem PIS (‘motley, variegated’) in Talish [TRS, 183]	Ishkashimi	ottoman pisik, pisi, bu"su"k mod. turk. pisi (child's lang.) also tatar pesi, romanian pisica~ turk. pisi pisi (to call a cat., in many turkic languages bisik, pisik, old turkic and central asian variants with m- and -$-. such cat names may come from anc. egypt. (cat goddess bastet) and probably passed through iranian. in persian it is considered a loanword from turkish. (steingass) persian has the native word gurbe. NB english "pussy," also similar words in arabic. cat names were discussed in sci.lang in the summer. there seem to be some that recur in many unrelated languages.
		Eastern Caucasian
		Talish
PITA – (round) loaf, flat cake	PIT (‘flattened (out)’) [MGA, 198], PITIK (‘ a type of bread’)	Pashto	greek pitta (phtta) < ital. ? < class. greek ? turk. pide
PISHLEME – an immature person	Compare to the Pashto PESHLAMAJ (‘this morning’s, one who appeared this morning’) [ARS, 130] PISHLEME probably meant "of callow youth, greenhorn".	Pashto	? probab. turk. pi$ (front < pers. pi:$) + leme (/le/ denominal + /me/ verb. noun)
PISHMAN – sorry, regretful	An old Persian and Pamirian word – PESH-MANAJ (‘thinking afterwards, regretting at the end’) [SIJa, 1980; ARS, 111]		turkish pi$man < pers. pe$i:ma:n
PISHMAN – sorry, regretful		Pashto	turkish pi$man < pers. pe$i:ma:n
PISHTJALKA – a tin whistle	PISHTAK (‘a tin whistle’) [SRS, 130]	Sarikoli
PLANINA – a mountain	PLAN (‘an expanse, a broadness’) [ARS, 114], PLANIN (‘huge, enormous’)	Pashto
PLESHTJA – to twaddle, to talk nonsense	PLECH (‘to produce nonsensical sounds’) [GASK, 364]	Wakhi
POPRZHAM – to curse, to swear	PRGA (‘a swear’) [ARS, MGA]	Pashto
PORKAM – to drink (jargon)	PKHOR (‘a dinner, a big table’) [ChRS, 354]	Chechen
POSTULI – leather pants	POST (‘a soft leather’) [ARS, 122] + the suffix –ULI, as in other old Bulgar words – MURZULI	Pashto	turk. post (hide) < pers. po^st
POSTJA – to fast	POST (‘to celebrate, to celebrate God’) [GASK, 417] = the initial meaning of POSTJA was ‘to celebrate God’.	Wakhi
POTKA – the first pole which is erected at a new plot as a sing of ownership. Hence ZAPOTVAM (‘to start festively some work, to assume officially office’) The word is quite old as evident by the Bulgarian medieval term POTKA (‘a fine for infringement ownership’s rights’)	The only region having similar words is the Pamirs. There the acquisition of a new property and the building of a new house are called POTKH, and the present bestowed on the newly married couple are called POTKHSAJ [DE, 178, 291].	Jazguljami
POTON – a ceiling	The Talish PETON (‘above’) is the only analogy [TRS, 178, 291]	Talish
POSH – a big towel	POSH (‘a type of towel’) [MGA, 192; ARS, 122] PUSH (‘a garment’) in Wakhi, Jazguljami, etc.	Pashto	turk. pu^$ colloq. po$ (in compounds) (a wrapping, as in a headress) po$u light turban, "kafiyya".
POSH – a big towel		Wakhi, Jazguljami
POSHTJA – to louse, to clean from lice	POKT (‘to clean’) [GASK, 417]	Wakhi
PRAZ – leeks	PRASSA (‘leeks’) in Georgian [TG, 422]		turkish p(I)rasa < greek prason < lat. brassica (vegetable) pers. pera:se
PRANGI – fetters, chains	PRANKH (‘bend’) [ARS, 104]	Pashto	turkish p(I)ranga "chains for galley slaves, (later) forced laborers etc." < venet. branca (see tietze)
PRASHTAM – to send	A common Persian/Pamirian word [SIJa, 211, 387]
PREZID – a high rampart. In the XI c. AD Apocryphal chronicle: "Ispor car sgradi velik prezid ot Dunav do moreto". ("Car Ispor [Asparukh] built a great PREZID from Danube to the sea.")	PERZID (‘a barrier’) [MGA, 166]	Pashto
PREZLO – iron container’s lugs, a handle in the form of a ring	The only parallel is the Pamirians PRESHT (‘a ring’) [IJa, 227]	Ishkashimi
PRUST – a veranda; a hall	PRUST (‘a bed’) in Kati [AGK] Probably the Bulgarian PRUST was named after the custom to sleep at the veranda in the summer.	Dardic
PRSKAM – to squander	PRSN (‘to squander’) [DE, 195]	Jazguljami
PRCKAM – to fart	Identical to PRC in Pashto [ARS, MGA, 164]	Pashto
PRJAPOREC – a banner, a standard	Compare to the Pamirian PARPAR (‘to flutter, to flap’), hence PARPARAI and BARBARIA (‘a banner’)	Pamirian	PARPAR prob. < `ar. farfar
PSUVAM – to swear	PECU, PCU (‘to curse’) [MGA, 198] POCH (‘a curse’) [ARS, 98]	Pashto
PUZHAV – stupid, underdeveloped (in the districts of Vidin, Kula)	PUCH (‘stupid, pitiful’) [ARS, 119] PUCKA (‘underdeveloped, unripe’) [ARS, 119]	Pashto
PUKAM SE – to crack, to split	PUG (‘a crack’) [ARS, 123] Also POY – Sarikoli [SRS, 130]	Pashto
PUKAM SE – to crack, to split	PUG (‘a crack’) [ARS, 123] Also POY – Sarikoli [SRS, 130]	Sarikoli
PUKANKI – pop-corn	The only analogy is the Pashto PUKANKHA (‘a bladder, a bubble’) [ARS, 123]	Pashto
PULE – an ass’s foal	Similar to the Dardic PULE (‘an offspring, the young of an animal’)	Dardic
PULJA SE – to goggle	FUL (‘to goggle’) [DE, 93]	Jazguljami
PUNGIJA – a pouch, a purse	PUNGA (‘capital’) [ARS, 123]	Pashto
PUSHA – to smoke	A ver old eastern word. Compare to the Dravidian PUKHA (‘to smoke’) [TAM, 1078]
PUSHT – a scoundrel; a rake	PUSHT (‘an offspring’) [ARS, 110]	Pashto	turkish pu$t (scoundrel, more specifically a catamite) < pers. pu$t "backside"
PDAR – a field-keeper	This word is attested near the Pamirs as early as the I-II c. AD – the Sogdian PADAR (PDR) (‘guard’, noun) [SIJa, 407]
PDPDK – a quail	Closest in meaning is the Persian BADBADAK [PRS, II] But the Talish Pt-PT (‘to cry without interruption’) [TRS, 274] sounds closer.
PDPDK – a quail		Talish
PPESH – a (musk-)melon	PARPANKHU (‘a wild watermelon’) [ARS, 100]	Pashto
PPKA – a pimple, blotch	PUPAKA (‘a swelling, a big pimple’) [ARS, 118] PNGA (‘a bud’) [ARS, 118] The word PUPAKA is also found in Chuvash.	Pashto
PPKA – a pimple, blotch
PPLJA – to creep, to crawl	PAPLI (‘to scarcely move’) [MGA, 150]	Pashto
PRZHA, (PRAZHA) – to fry	PRAZHZHA (‘to fry’) in Sanskrit [MA, 1982]
PRLJA – to singe	PRLA (‘to clean’) [ARS, 103]	Pashto
PRKHAM – to flit, to flutter	PYRKHA (‘to flit’) [ARS, 100]	Pashto
PT – time (when counting – one time, two times…)	Identical to POT, PA [IJa, 233]	Ishkashimi
PKHAM – to stick, to shove	PJC (‘to shove’) [ARS, 96]	Pashto
PCHA – to stick out; to swagger about	PCHA (‘a movement from inside, a swelling’) [MGA, 160]	Pashto